The Emergence of the Digital World BioMetrics (Bio-Angel Code) > 오피니언

본문 바로가기

뉴스

[오피니언] The Emergence of the Digital World BioMetrics (Bio-Angel Code)

작성일 : 2023-01-25

페이지 정보

본문

Presented by Salinas

Artificial Intelligence & Biometrics
My Understanding, My Point of View!

b30df109286377d5366cd2939aa94c0a_1674668547_4304.jpg
 

 We are Since I have knowledge of understanding I knew the first mechanical computing machine was invented in 1822 by Charles Babbage (London, England 1791-1871), but was until in1943 that was created-built the first electronic computer device; this first computer was built in a room of 1,800 square feet, big enough to put in and assemble the 50 tons of 18,000 of vacuum tubes. 


 However, in 1945 Alan Turing invented Computer Science which was the creation of programs that the writers got the computers to do what they wanted the electronic machines to perform. 


 Then after in 1970 was created the first personal computer (Desktop) for interactive individual use. 


 In 1983 the first laptop computer, called The Gavilan SC, was released, which was able to recognize handwriting commands using a pointing stick. Nowadays, we don’t need to use those pointing sticks anymore.


 But I see that all those machines, since the original one, they use programs, and commands given by people. The machines alone don’t perform any job.


 The evolution of human intelligence, time, research, needs, of vocabulary terms, have helped man almost make a copy of human acts, using programs that transmit the commands to move, to make noise, and to repeat words, even phrases, that have been previously recorded into the program that governs such machine.


 Presently, those machines that follow the commands given by the programmer are considered to have intelligence, called Artificial Intelligence (AI), but not yet their own intelligence. 



Artificial Intelligence in Computerized Devices

 

 Since the beginning of humanity, man learned to learn different ways to survive using his own intelligence given by a supreme being. The evolution by years and generations, makes a man find ways to create manlike devices to manipulate at his will. Man has never had in mind to create machines to replace him. 

However, man, had always thought of getting help for different purposes, such as avoiding paying workers for a service that an answering machine can perform, used by businesses such as banks that take to a long questionnaire, not with the same efficiency of a front desk person that can give a response to questions from customers or clients immediately; or getting the result of a glucose check device performs, manipulated by people with knowledge of these devices; or making a withdrawal or a deposit at an Automated Teller Machine, manipulated by a person. 


 These machines, all of them, have a program with commands given by people. Actually, all of these devices make their functions faster than many people. However, they will never replace, in full, a worker. 


 Someone said that those devices have consciousness because they respond to some tactical commands, or sometimes, they respond to some voice commands but remember the computers just repeat what they were programmed to respond. I have tried sometimes to get information from some computers and I have got answers totally different from the questions asked. Why? Because computers don’t think at all, they have no brains, they have no hope, and they have no feelings like human beings do. 


 Every time we request a response from a computer, the device starts to search in its memory, hard drive, or sticks that have information previously entered and saved. If the information requested has not been entered previously, the information will not be found. However, almost anything you think about has been entered and saved already.


 Nevertheless, all of those devices with Artificial Intelligence have been created with man’s needs in mind. Nowadays, all of those devices are a big help to most businesses in different industries, such as Finance companies, Markets, Hospitals, Schools, Government offices, and many others. 



 Someone in the business of computerized devices has classified AI in the following types:


 1. Reactive Machines have no memory, and only respond to different stimuli. The Reactive Machine type is the most basic variety of Artificial Intelligence. It merely reacts to current scenarios and cannot rely on on taught or recalled data to make decisions in the present. Reactive Machines do away with maps and other forms of pre-planning altogether and focus on live observations of the environments. Some examples of reactive machines are Spam Filters, Netflix recommendation engines, and Chess-playing supercomputers.  These machines are programmed with a predictable output based on the input they receive. They neither record past encounters or functions nor implement them in the present or similar scenarios. Example: Email spam filters.


 2. Limited Memory Machines use memory to learn and improve their responses. The type of AI Limited Memory Machines consists of machine learning models that extract knowledge from previously learned information, facts stored data, or events. As distinct from reactive machines, limited memory is able to learn from the past by analyzing actions or data given to them with the purpose of building probationary knowledge. This type of AI is employed by virtual voice assistants, chatbots, self-driving cars, and several other technologies. With Artificial Intelligence penetrating our daily lives with the intention to make our lives easier it is interesting to see how quickly it is developing and evolving, allowing different industries to advance. Science fiction is gradually becoming reality with new technological developments emerging every day. This type of Limited Memory is programmed to absorb, adjust, and interpret the required data. They can complete complex tasks and appropriate past-learned data for prognostications. An example of this type: the Self-driving cars.


 3. Theories of Mind Machines understand the needs of other intelligent entities. In Psychology, the Theory of Mind means that people have thoughts, feelings, and emotions that affect their behavior. Experts in Computer Science are trying to find a way to make machines with all the abilities of a human body. The theory of mind AI is the next frontier of AI where machines are programmed with decision-making abilities, like humans. Example: AI researchers are still working to develop the Theory of Mind AI. However, Sophia, a humanoid robot, can possibly be an example here.


 4. Self-Aware Machines have human-like intelligence and self-awareness. This is the final type of AI where the machines are aware of themselves and perceive their internal states and others’ emotions, behaviors, and acumen. This AI is not yet developed and if it is incarnated, we will surely witness a robot with human-level consciousness and intelligence. 


 Today, Artificial Intelligence is being surfaced in diverse markets and is stewarded as the technological innovator of the foreseeable future. Without no doubt, man is already witnessing the enduring impact of AI in almost every technology that is including smart applications, email spam filters, self-driving cars, to Siri and Alexa devices. 



 AI has also been classified in three other types:


 1. Artificial Narrow or weak Intelligence (ANI). It’s AI that implements a limited part of the mind. It is focused on the narrow task. In John Searle’s terms “would be useful for testing hypotheses about minds. This is not actually minds.


 2. Artificial General Intelligence (AGI). The AGI is the representation of generalized human cognitive abilities in software, so that, faced with an unfamiliar task. The AI system could find a solution. Depending on the field the experts define differently. Computer scientists often define human intelligence in terms of being able to achieve goals; Psychologists, on their side, often define general intelligence in terms of adaptability or survival. AGI is considered to be strong artificial intelligence. However, the broad intellectual capacities of Artificial General Intelligence would exceed human capacities because of its ability to access and process huge data sets at incredible speeds.


 3. Artificial Superintelligence (ASI), this type is applied to robots, where the humans and the bots work together to achieve futurist projects. The ASI is not here yet. It’s not even close. In 1950-1960 mathematicians and experts in other fields improved the algorithms and hardware. This is a dramatic advance. Despite assertions by artificial intelligence pioneers that a thinking machine comparable to the human brain was imminent, the goal proved elusive and support for the field waned. AI search went through several ups and downs until it surged again around 2012, propelled by the deep learning revolution.

Computer Science, where Artificial Intelligence is one of its branches, it’s one used by computer engineers and software writers to achieve many projects to help different industries to be more efficient in time and production. 


 John McCarthy invented the term Artificial Intelligence in the year 1950. He said “every aspect of learning or any other feature of intelligence can in principle be so precisely described that a machine can be made to simulate it. An attempt will be made to make how to make machines use language, form abstractions, and concepts, solve kinds of problems now reserved for humans, and improve themselves.”


 He was not far from reality. In theory, all of his thoughts are possible and in practice, the professional experts are very close to perfection. The robots made presently are very similar to humans with the mimics of actions, except for the noisy voice that has not been perfected yet. 

 

 Pittsburgh is considered the place where the artificial intelligence idea was born. There, Carnegie Mellon University, a leader in artificial intelligence since the 1950s started to shape the future of AI in software, hardware, robotics, and machine learning. Herbert Simon and Allen Newell invented the field of AI during their tenure. Today, the Pittsburgh area is a leader in artificial intelligence smart cities, developing new technologies and initiatives.


댓글목록

등록된 댓글이 없습니다.